// 找到或添加Port参数行，修改为新的端口号（如6666）
sudo vim /etc/ssh/sshd_config

// 重启生效
sudo systemctl restart sshd

// 验证服务状态：
sudo systemctl status sshd
			

必须在本地登录情况下执行，因为默认远程用22连，一开打防护墙22也被屏蔽了

// 查看防火墙状态
sudo systemctl status firewalld
// 自启动
sudo systemctl enable firewalld
// 开启（重启后不会自动开启）
sudo systemctl start firewalld
// 加入需要的端口，--permanent 是永久生效，不加这个，重启后这条策略就没了
sudo firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=30001/tcp
sudo firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=30002/tcp

// 重新加载防火墙
sudo firewall-cmd --reload

// 确认规则是否正确添加和持久化。你可以使用以下命令查看当前的防火墙规则：
sudo firewall-cmd --list-all
// 或者查看永久规则：
sudo firewall-cmd --permanent --list-all
			

常用flex

// 查看数据盘分区信息，看是否有数据盘
fdisk -l

// 重新创建数据盘分区的挂载点。若已有这个文件夹就跳过
mkdir /mnt

// 对数据盘进行分区，执行后一次输入 n p 1 多个回车 wq
// 多个回车直到出现Command (m for help):才输入wq。有说是2个回车，实践是4个回车，自己看吧
fdisk -S 56 /dev/vdb
n
p
1
回车
回车
回车 直到出现 Command (m for help):
wq

// 使用“fdisk -l”命令可以看到，新的分区db1已经建立完成了
fdisk -l

// 对新分区进行格式化
mkfs.ext4 /dev/vdb1

// 写入新分区信息
echo '/dev/vdb1 /mnt ext4 defaults 0 0' >> /etc/fstab

// 检查写入结果
cat /etc/fstab

// 挂载新分区
mount -a

// 检查
df -h

// 查看挂载信息。假如自动挂载成功，返回结果中会有/dev/vdb1的信息
mount
			

先把nginx-1.29.7.tar.gz从官网下载后上传到/mnt/software中

cd /mnt/software
tar -zxvf nginx-1.29.7.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.29.7
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_ssl_module --with-stream

若遇到./configure: error: the HTTP rewrite module requires the PCRE library.
./configure: error: SSL modules require the OpenSSL library.
./configure: error: the HTTP gzip module requires the zlib library.
安装即可
sudo yum install pcre pcre-devel
sudo yum install openssl openssl-devel
sudo yum install zlib-devel

make
make install
			

先把jdk-8u161-linux-x64.tar.gz从官网下载后上传到/mnt/software中

// 解压
cd /mnt/software
tar xvf jdk-8u161-linux-x64.tar.gz

mkdir /usr/local/java
mv jdk1.8.0_161 /usr/local/java

// 写配置到/etc/profile

vi /etc/profile

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java/jdk1.8.0_161
export JAVA_BIN=/usr/local/java/jdk1.8.0_161/bin
export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar
export JAVA_HOME JAVA_BIN PATH CLASSPATH

// 生效。这里.和/中间有个空格
. /etc/profile

// 检查
java -version
			

nginx.conf需要增加这行配置
pid /run/nginx.pid;

将nginx.service文件放到下面这个目录（文件内容见下方）
/usr/lib/systemd/system

执行以下命令确保服务文件权限正确并重新加载systemd配置：
sudo chmod 644 /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service
sudo systemctl daemon-reload

启动Nginx服务并设置开机自启
sudo systemctl start nginx
sudo systemctl enable nginx
sudo systemctl status nginx
sudo systemctl restart nginx
			

nginx.service文件内容如下

[Unit]
Description=The nginx HTTP and reverse proxy server
After=network.target

[Service]
Type=forking
PIDFile=/run/nginx.pid
ExecStartPre=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
ExecRestart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s restart
ExecReload=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
ExecStop=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s quit
PrivateTmp=true

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
			

cd /mnt/software
下载文件
sudo yum localinstall mysql57-community-release-el7-11.noarch.rpm
安装
sudo yum install mysql-community-server

若出现如下异常
Key import failed (code 2). Failing package is: mysql-community-client-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64
 GPG Keys are configured as: file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
Public key for mysql-community-common-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm is not installed. Failing package is: mysql-community-common-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64
 GPG Keys are configured as: file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
Public key for mysql-community-libs-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm is not installed. Failing package is: mysql-community-libs-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64
 GPG Keys are configured as: file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
Public key for mysql-community-server-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm is not installed. Failing package is: mysql-community-server-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64
 GPG Keys are configured as: file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
The downloaded packages were saved in cache until the next successful transaction.
You can remove cached packages by executing 'yum clean packages'.
Error: GPG check FAILED

解决方案：
# 1. 导入新密钥
sudo rpm --import https://repo.mysql.com/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql-2022
# 2. 清理缓存
sudo yum clean all
# 3. 重新安装
sudo yum install mysql-community-server

// 服务指令
sudo systemctl start mysqld
sudo systemctl enable mysqld
sudo systemctl stop mysqld
sudo systemctl status mysqld
sudo systemctl restart mysqld

首次安装后，MySQL 会生成一个临时密码。你可以通过以下命令查看这个密码：
grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log

运行安全配置向导
sudo mysql_secure_installation

按提示操作：

输入上一步获取的临时密码
设置新的强密码（需包含大小写、数字、特殊字符，长度 ≥8）
移除匿名用户：Y
禁止 root 远程登录：Y（推荐）
删除测试数据库：Y
重新加载权限表：Y

验证安装
mysql -u root -p

SELECT VERSION();


若在安装完成后，修改了my.cnf中的data目录（同时端口也改了吧，默认3306不安全）

先停止mysql
sudo systemctl stop mysqld

修改my.cnf，比如
port=6309
datadir=/mnt/mysql/data
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
symbolic-links=0
log-error=/mnt/mysql/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/mnt/mysql/mysqld.pid

其中
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
不可改，若改，启动不报错，连接会报错，需要改更多东西，若要改自行AI

将原来的data目录下的所有文件复制到新目录下
sudo cp -r /var/lib/mysql/* /mnt/mysql/data/

给新目录授权
sudo chown -R mysql:mysql /mnt/mysql/data
sudo chmod -R 755 /mnt/mysql/data

sudo chown -R mysql:mysql /mnt/mysql/log
sudo chmod -R 755 /mnt/mysql/log

// 是否只给这个目录授权即可？
sudo chown -R mysql:mysql /mnt/mysql
sudo chmod -R 755 /mnt/mysql

my.cnf覆盖到/etc/my.cnf

启动mysql
sudo systemctl start mysqld

若启动时出现
Job for mysqld.service failed because the control process exited with error code.
See "systemctl status mysqld.service" and "journalctl -xeu mysqld.service" for details.

可用
journalctl -xeu mysqld.service
查看详细信息

登录mysql校对结果

mysql -u root -P6309 -p

SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'datadir';

新建用户lihaidewo

-- 创建具有DBA权限的新用户
CREATE USER 'lihaidewo'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'new_password';
-- 授予DBA相关权限
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'lihaidewo'@'%' WITH GRANT OPTION;
-- 刷新权限使更改生效
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
-- 验证用户权限
SHOW GRANTS FOR 'lihaidewo'@'%';

			

cd /mnt/software
下载文件
wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/23/file/mysql-8.4.6-1.el9.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
解压
tar -xf mysql-8.4.6-1.el9.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
安装（顺序不能错）
dnf install -y libaio numactl

rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-8.4.6-1.el9.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-plugins-8.4.6-1.el9.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.4.6-1.el9.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-8.4.6-1.el9.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-icu-data-files-8.4.6-1.el9.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.4.6-1.el9.x86_64.rpm

// 服务指令
systemctl start mysqld
systemctl enable mysqld
systemctl stop mysqld
systemctl status mysqld
systemctl restart mysqld

首次安装后，MySQL 会生成一个临时密码。你可以通过以下命令查看这个密码：
grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
登录改密
mysql -uroot -p
ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '你的强密码';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

查询版本
mysql -V